Drososphila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) a new pest of fruit that is spreading worldwide. Distribution, biology and ecology

Abstract

Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) (Diptera: Drosophilidae), commonly known as the spotted wing drosophila (SWD) is a new pest of fruit native to Southeast Asia. It is one of the few species of Drosophila that can damage healthy fruit and has been cited in numerous cultivated hosts (cherry, strawberry, raspberry, blueberry and blackberry) and wild. Among the latter, there are species that belong to families of plants present in most forests, making this ecosystem play an important role as a reservoir and spread of the species. Its spread throughout the world has been very fast since the end of the first decade of this century and Brazil is the last country in what it has been cited. It has a high reproductive rate and can develop many generations per year, two features that together with its highly polyphagous habit are a challenge for effective control in fruit orchards. In this article, the available knowledge of the pest regarding its dispersal throughout the world, its biology and its ecology is reviewed.